Summary 

The article deals with the essence of world agriculture and world economy; a range of agricultural features is studied the influence of which  significantly defines the development of planting (cereals, technical crops, vegetable, fruit-growing, fodder crops etc.) and livestock  (cattle-breeding, pig-breeding, sheep-breeding, poultry, etc.) sectors and subsectors.

According to geographical location and thermal belt the article analyzes different levels of agricultural development in all five territorial zones of the earth.

Agricultural farming of developed has been studied according  to the development level of the sector, where the intensification level  is high by using the latest methods of production mechanization, biotechnology  and selection; consumer agriculture of developing countries is characterized  by law productivity, extensivity of development, law level of specialization and others. The article emphasizes the significant difficulties in developing countries agriculture  and law level of food security which is the backwardness existing in their relations. Because of the above mentioned, agriculture  in many developing countries fails to meet the demands of these countries in food and as a result  1 billion people are starving in the world.

This article seeks some measures to mitigate the problems namely, the growth of agricultural land, the increase of economic resource investment in order to raise the efficiency of production, deep and consistent  reforms to overcome the existing backlog in agrarian relations and international cooperation and mutual assistance.

The article  analyzes the future  development  potential of agriculture held by long-term  forecast of international  organizations in the world. The attention is paid to long –term perspective, which is connected with expectable results of global climate changes.